Overdrafting may decrease the amount of groundwater that naturally feeds surrounding water bodies, including wetlands, lakes, rivers and streams. Įxtracting groundwater at a rate that is faster than it can be naturally replenished is often referred to as overdrafting. In addition, nearby wetlands, fisheries, terrestrial and aquatic habitats may be altered with a reduction in the water available to these ecosystems, sometimes altering species ecophysiology. Groundwater environments often have high biodiversity, however, drawdown alters the amount and types of nutrients released to surrounding organisms. ![]() ![]() Groundwater drawdown due to excessive water extraction can have adverse ecological impacts. Įcological impacts of groundwater drawdown This method uses a lead weight attached to a steel measuring tape. Wetted tape method is a commonly-used method for measuring water levels up to roughly 90 feet deep.This method obtains water table depth using a pressure gauge and water displacement. Air line method is a convenient and nonintrusive method used to measure water levels that is often used for the repeated testing of wells over 300 feet deep.Current supplied from a small battery flows through the circuit when the tip of the wire is in contact with the surface of the water. This method uses a weight attached to a stranded insulated wire and an ammeter to indicate a closed circuit. Electric sounders are a practical land cost-effective method used to measure well water levels.Acoustic well sounders or echometers are a simple, cost effective, and minimally intrusive tool used to measure subsurface pressures and levels.Transducers are used to measure water levels in groundwater wells, rivers, streams, tanks, open channels and lift stations.Well yield is the volume of water per unit time that is produced by the well from pumping.Water table is the upper level of the zone of saturation, an underground surface in which the soil or rock is permanently saturated with water.Static level is the level of water in the well when no water is being removed from the well by pumping.Specific capacity is the well yield per unit of drawdown.Pumping level is the level of water in the well during pumping.It is the height of the free surface of water above a given point beneath the surface. Hydraulic head (or piezometric head) is a specific measurement of the potential of water above a vertical datum.Groundwater is water located beneath the earth's surface in pores and fractures of soil and rocks. ![]()
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